Deep Learning for Human Affect Recognition: Insights and New Developments

Apr.-Jun. 2021, pp. 524-543, vol. 12

DOI Bookmark: 10.1109/TAFFC.2018.2890471

Authors

Philipp V. Rouast, School of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Marc T. P. Adam, School of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Raymond Chiong, School of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia

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Keywords

Deep Learning, Computer Architecture, Biological Neural Networks, Emotion Recognition, Training Data, Human Computer Interaction, Machine Learning Algorithms, Affect Recognition, Deep Learning, Emotion Recognition, Human Computer Interaction

Abstract

Automatic human affect recognition is a key step towards more natural human-computer interaction. Recent trends include recognition in the wild using a fusion of audiovisual and physiological sensors, a challenging setting for conventional machine learning algorithms. Since 2010, novel deep learning algorithms have been applied increasingly in this field. In this paper, we review the literature on human affect recognition between 2010 and 2017, with a special focus on approaches using deep neural networks. By classifying a total of 950 studies according to their usage of shallow or deep architectures, we are able to show a trend towards deep learning. Reviewing a subset of 233 studies that employ deep neural networks, we comprehensively quantify their applications in this field. We find that deep learning is used for learning of (i) spatial feature representations, (ii) temporal feature representations, and (iii) joint feature representations for multimodal sensor data. Exemplary state-of-the-art architectures illustrate the progress. Our findings show the role deep architectures will play in human affect recognition, and can serve as a reference point for researchers working on related applications.

References

  1. Unless stated otherwise, in this article we use the term affect recognition to refer to human affect recognition.

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